Marine tetrodotoxin as a risk for human health

Marine tetrodotoxin as a risk for human health

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Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a toxin mainly occurring naturally in contaminated puffer fish, which are a Girls Halloween Top culinary delicacy in Japan.It is also detected in various marine organisms like globefish, starfish, sunfish, stars, frogs, crabs, snails, Australian blue-ringed octopuses, and bivalve molluscs.TTX is produced by marine bacteria that are consumed mainly by fish of the Tetraodontidae family and other aquatic animals.TTX poisoning through consuming marine snails has recently begun to occur over a wider geographical extent through Taiwan, China, and Europe.

This neurotoxin causes food intoxication and poses an acute risk to public Key Fob Kit Adapter health.The aim of this review is to present the most recent information about TTX and its analogues with particular regard to toxicity, methods of analysis, and risk to humans of exposure.